Low-Loss and Small 2 × 4? Multiplexers Based on 2 × 2 and 2 × 1 Mach–Zehnder Interferometers With On-Chip Polarization Multiplexing for 400GbE

Two silicon, 4? O-band multiplexers (MUXs) for 400GbE using two Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) having 90-degree phase shift in their output with the help of on-chip polarization multiplexing are demonstrated. By 2 × and 1 MZIs first 3200-GHz filters, relative position spectra has difference, leading to significant simplification tuning peak wavelength filters. The MUX is done by an polarization-splitter-rotator (PSR) based on asymmetric directional coupler (ADC) a TE1-TM0 mode converter (MC) tapered rib waveguide, designed application. MUXs 1.28 1.3 ?m bands designed, aiming specified range 400GbE. Tolerance analysis shows proposed robust change waveguide width occurring fabrication process, compared those conventional multi-stage MUXs. averaged insertion loss eight 1.86 dB fabricated device demonstration 8? (2×4?) Si-waveguide time.